Heitor Villa-lobos (Rio de Janeiro, March 5, 1887 — 17 november 1959) was a Brazilian composer and cellist. He wrote numerous orchestral, Chamber, instrumental and vocal works. Typical of his work is the use of Brazilian folk music, but there are also style elements in reflected from Impressionism, Expressionism, Baroque and classicism. Villa-Lobos is the best known South American composer.
Content[]
- Work 2
- 3 discography
- 4 external links
Biography[Edit][]
For History[Edit][]
Serzedola Francisco Silveira Pereira Villalobos Villalobos and Maria Carolina fled middle 19th century in their miserable lives in Spain to Brazil to guarantee a better life for their son Epeminodas Raul Villalobos. He put the name to the Brazilian variant Villa-Lobos. In that same period Antonio Santos Costa Santos Monteiro Domilildes Monteiro and flee Portugal to achieve the same for Abiathar Umbelina dos Santos Monteiro. In 1850 is officially abolished slavery in Brazil, but the release follows only in May 1888; This has a great trek to the city due, making Rio de United Kingdom within short time from her bursting at the seams; It grows by 520,000 inhabitants in 1890 to 811.000 in 1900 and over one million in 1920. In 1909, the Teatro Municipal of Rio opened with associated Orchestra.
Youth[Edit][]
It is a small wonder that Raul and Abiathar marry. Raul is withdrawn, insecure and stutters, but is at the same time a good draughtsman and cellist. Abiathar is energetic and decisive, also an amateur musician. They get their first child on 3 november 1885 Berta in Laranjeiras, a residential area of Rio.
On 5 March 1887 comes Heitor Villa-Lobos in the world, with the pet name Tuhù (little one). Father Raul than exhibit. In 1889, Emperor Peter II of Brazil Brazil's deposed and the United States is a fact (to the United States of Americamodel. This deposition has impact on the cultural life; Peter II was lover of European music and left that displace the native music. In the same year sees the light of day, sister Carmen in 1890 followed by Orthon, which, however, soon will die. Raul Villa-Lobos commented on the new Government and is fired in 1892 and must go into hiding with his family, that happens in the States of Rio de Janeiro andMinas Gerais. Heitor makes during this period outside the big city knowledge with the native music.
In 1893, the family return in Rio itself and Raul regains his job. Heitor has then been a few cello lessons from his father, lover of the music of Bach, but get in 1895 to the clarinet. Father Raul dies In 1899 tochickenpox and writes Heitor his first composition; the song Os Sedutores for voice with piano accompaniment. In 1901 to study medicine at the Colegio Dom Pedro is Heitor II, but that is not of a slate roof; He sees more in music. His recalcitrant attitude puts him in collision with his mother; He goes to live with his aunt Leopoldina the Amaral (also known as Zizinha). His first professional gig as a musician probably takes place on12 January 1903; He plays then in various Chorosesembles (Choros means lament). In addition he plays music in theatres and cinemas, an analogy with Dmitri Shostakovich. In 1905 he has than enough money together to take a first domestic travel; first go to the Amazon region (1905) and later to the South (1906). Traveling were always with romance surrounded; stories full of adventure and cannibalism, not everyone believed, accompanied the composer at his return. But what he in addition were the various kinds of folk music that always have influenced its own classic style. Though he attended a music studies at the National Music Institute in Rio.
After 1912[Edit][]
Then he made in 1912 a trip to the Interior of the Amazon basin and brought in 1915 Rio in ecstasy with his new music. In 1923 , he received a government scholarship to continue his studies in Paris . He returned back to his homeland in 1930 as a composer of international renown.
In the same year was entrusted to him the musical education in Rio and he expressed his own stamp on. the new educational system he designed himself and the music he stimulated was rooted in different kinds of folk music and did a Brazilian explicitly appeal to patriotism.
In the 1940s he celebrated his biggest triumphs. Conducting a tour to the USA in 1944 brought him appreciation of the music criticism and composition commissions on.
Two years after the death of Villa-Lobos, a museum dedicated to him: the Museu Villa-Lobos opened its doors in Rio de Janeiro in 1961.
Work[Edit][]
His music for children's choir was huge by occupation, and half a century after his death, he is still popular with the young generation.
Except for children's choir wrote Villa-Lobos for a multitude of occupations. Miss piano concerts and published, and he has even written film music. But perhaps he is still most famous for his music for guitar (solo), including propagated by the British classical guitarist Julian Bream and John Williams the Australian.
Music Theatre[Edit][]
Operas[Edit][]
| Completed in | title | acts | Premiere | libretto |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| to 1908 | Femina | |||
| 1909 | Aglaia | 2 acts | ||
| 1910 | Elisa | 1 Act | ||
| 1912-1914, Rev.1932 | Izath | 4 acts | 6 april1940, Rio de Janeiro, (concert);
13 december 1958, Rio de Janeiro (play) |
Azevedo Júnior and the composer |
| 1918 | Jesus | 3 acts | G. de Andrade | |
| 1919 | Zoé | 3 acts | Renato Viana | |
| 1921 | Malazarte | 3 acts | Graça Aranha | |
| 1955-1956 | Yerma | 4 acts, | 12 August1971, Santa Fe | Federico García Lorca to |
| Perpetual | 1 Act | unfinished | ||
| Amerindia | unfinished |
Ballets[Edit][]
| Completed in | title | acts | Premiere | libretto | choreography |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1917 | Amazonas | ||||
| 1917 | Uirapurú | ||||
| 1929 | Possessão | ||||
| 1932 | Caixinha de Boas Festas | ||||
| 1933 | Pedra Bonita | ||||
| 1939 | Dança da Terra | ||||
| 1940 | Mandú-Cárárá | ||||
| 1951 | Rudá, Dio d'amore | ||||
| 1954 | Gênesis | ||||
| 1956 | Emperor Jones | to o' Neill |
Musical[Edit][]
| Completed in | Title | Acts | Premiere | Libretto | Further song lyrics | Choreography |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1947 | Magdalena | 2 acts | 26 July1948, Los Angeles | R. Wright, g. Forrest, f. h. Brennan and h. Curra | ||
| 1957-1958 | A menina das nuvens | 3 acts | 29 november1960, Rio de Janeiro | Lúcia Benedetti |
Works for chorus and Orchestra[Edit][]
- Vidapura (Missa oratória), for chorus and Orchestra, 1919;
- Quator (Impressões da vida mundana), for female choir, flute, saxophone, harp and celesta, 1921;
- Nonet (Impressão rápida de todo o Brasil), for choir, flute, Oboe, clarinet, saxophone, bassoon, harp and percussion, 1923;
- Choro No. 3 (Picapau), for male choir, clarinet, saxophone, Bassoon and 3 horns, 1925;
- Choro No. 10, for chorus and Orchestra, 1926;
- Choros No. 14, for chorus and Orchestra, 1928 (missing);
- Invocação em defesa da Pátria, for solo voice, chorus and Orchestra, 1943;
- Bachianas brasileiras # 9, for chorus or String Orchestra, 1945;
- Magnificat alleluia, for solo voice, chorus and Orchestra, 1958
Works for piano[Edit][]
Orchestral Works[Edit][]
1910-1919[Edit][]
- Suite for strings, 1912; Cello Concerto No. 2 1, 1913; Suite, for piano and Orchestra, 1913; Elégie, 1915; Myremis, symphonic poem, 1916; Naufrágio de Kleônicos, symphonic poem, 1916; Sinfonietta No. 1, 1916; Symphony No. 1 "O imprevisto", 1916; Danças caracteristicas africanas, 1916; Amazonas, symphonic poem, 1917; Symphony No. 2 "Ascenção", 1917; Dança frenética, 1919; Symphony No. 3 "A guerra", for Orchestra and fanfarra, 1919; Symphony No. 4 "A vitória", for Orchestra and fanfarra, 1919;
1920-1929[Edit][]
- Symphony No. 5 "A paz", 1920; Dança dos mosquitos, 1922; Fantasia de movimentos mistos, 1922; Verde velhice, divertimento, 1922; Choros No. 5, 1925; Choros No. 8, for 2 pianos and Orchestra, 1925;Choros No. 6, 1926; Rudepoema, 1926; Choros No. 11, for piano and Orchestra, 1928; Choros No. 9, 1929; Choros No. 12, 1929; Choros No. 13, for two separate Orchestra and brass, 1929; Introduction to Choros, for guitar and Orchestra, 1929; Momoprecoce, fantasy for piano and Orchestra, 1929;
1930-1939[Edit][]
- Bachianas brasileiras No. 2, 1930; Caixinha de boas festas, 1932; Papagaio do moleque, episódo sinfónico, 1932; Ciranda das sete notas for Bassoon and Orchestra, fantasy, 1933; Bachianas brasileiras No. 4, for piano and Orchestra, 1930-36; Descobrimento do Brasil, 4 movie suites, nr. 4 with choir, 1937; Bachianas brasileiras No. 3, for piano and Orchestra, 1938;
1940-1949[Edit][]
- Saudade da juventude, suite, 1940; Bachianas brasileiras No. 7, 1942; Bachianas brasileiras No. 8, 1944; Symphony No. 6, "Sobre a linha das montanhas do Brasil", 1944; Piano Concerto No. 2 1, 1945;Bachianas brasileiras # 9, 1942; Fantasia, for cello and Orchestra, 1945; Madona, symphonic poem, 1945; Symphony No. 7, 1945; Sinfonietta No. 2, 1947; Piano Concerto No. 2 2, 1948; Fantasia, for saxophone and Orchestra, 1948;
1950-1959[Edit][]
- Erosão (Origem do rio Amazonas), 1950; Symphony No. 8, 1950; Guitar concert, 1951; Piano Concerto No. 2 3, 1952-7; Piano Concerto No. 2 4, 1952; Symphony No. 9, 1952; Symphony No. 10 "Ameríndia"-"Sum ' p atrium", for tenor, baritone, bass, chorus and Orchestra, 1952; Overture ' L'homme Tel ', 1952; Morning twilight in a tropical forest, overture, 1953; Cello Concerto No. 2 2, 1953; Odisseia should like the uma, 1953; Harp Concerto, 1953; Piano Concerto No. 2 5, 1954; Symphony No. 11, 1955; Harmonica concert, 1955-6; Symphony No. 12, 1957; Fantasia concertante, for at least 32 cellos, 1958; 2 suites, for Chamber Orchestra, 1959; The rainforest, ' Amazonas ', symphonic poem for soprano, chorus and Orchestra, 1959 (completed by a. Heller)
Works for wind Orchestra[Edit][]
- 1922 Brasil novo
- virou A canôa 1932
- 1944 El Trompo (The Spinning Top)
- 1946 Meu jardim
- 1958 Fantasy in three movements in form of a Choros (Fantasia em Três Movimentos)
- 1959 , Concerto Grossofor wind Quartet and wind Orchestra
Works for solo voice and Orchestra[Edit][]
- Epigramas irônicos e sentimentais (to Ronald de Carvalho), 1921-3; 3 Pumas indígenas, 1926; Suite sugestiva, 1929; Serestas, 1923-43; Bachianas brasileiras No. 5, for 8 cellos and soprano voice, 1938-45;Samba clássico, ode, 1950
String Quartets[Edit][]
Between 1919 and 1957 Villa-Lobos wrote seventeen string quartets for two violins, Viola and cello.
Film Music[Edit][]
Discography[Edit][]
Symphonies[Edit][]
The symphonies, except No. 5 are currently all available on the German CD label CPO. An important work is the 10th Symphony; recordings have appeared at Koch and at Harmonia Mundi.
Piano Concerts[Edit][]
The piano concerts are available on Decca performed by Cristina Ortiz.
Choros[Edit][]
The Choros 1-12 (No 13 & 14 are lost) still have no complete Edition on one label, but are all available. This combination is possible, for example, 1-7 on ASV, 8 & 9 on Naxos, 10 on RCA or Dorian (in both cases combined with other works), the more than hour-long no. 11 on Ondine, nr. 12 (36 min.) on Cypres (along with Choros No. 7 and Bachianas Brasileiras No. 1). Choros 8 is also on Delos combined with the and Fantasia for cello and Orchestra Uirapurú way. BIS Records begins in 2008 with a complete series.
String Quartets[Edit][]
At Brilliant appeared the collected string quartets, played by the Cuarteto Latinoamericano; Naxos also has a (now sold out) series.
Rest[Edit][]
Many orchestral works are available on labels such as Naxos, Marco Polo, Dorian, Ondine, ASV and Delos. The complete Bachianas are on EMI (mono, conducted by the composer, with further including some Choros), Naxos and BIS (not yet complete) available.